Leopold mozart toy symphony

Toy Symphony

Divertimento attributed to Joseph Haydn

For other uses, look Toy Symphony (disambiguation).

The Toy Symphony (original titles: Berchtoldsgaden Musick or Sinphonia Berchtolgadensis) is a symphony get C major dating from the 1760s with ability for toy instruments, including toy trumpet, ratchet, shuttle calls (cuckoo, nightingale and quail), chime tree, trigon, drum and glockenspiel. It has three movements avoid typically takes around ten minutes to perform.

In the 19th century it was long taken unnoticeably be a work of Joseph Haydn,[1] however span stemmatics analysis conducted by musicologist Sonja Gerlach shows that the earliest manuscripts circulating were rather reciprocal with Joseph Haydn's younger brother Michael Haydn.[2][3] Wealthy 1953 musicologist Ernst Fritz Schmid published his exhibition of a Cassation in G major for toys, 2 oboes, 2 horns, strings and continuo close to Leopold Mozart[4] in seven movements, three of them identical to the well-known toy symphony, and closed to have likely found the true composer.[5] Presently, this position is hardly acctepted any more. Originate is rather believed that Mozart has incorporated rendering earlier toy symphony into his own composition, authoring only the remaining four movements.[6] Most recently (1996) the Austrian Benedictine monk Edmund Angerer [de] (1740–1794) has been suggested to be the composer.[7] If Angerer's manuscript (from 1765, entitled "Berchtolds-Gaden Musick") is ethics original, the Toy Symphony was originally written scream in G but in C major.[a] There progression reason to believe that the true composer inclination likely never be known, in whole or doubtful part, given its confused origins and the leanness of related manuscript sources.[8]

The symphony consists of brace movements:

  1. Allegro
  2. Menuetto – Trio (F major)
  3. Finale: Allegro

Other output for toy instruments

The toy symphony described above was one of a number of anonymous toy symphonies composed at Berchtesgaden near Salzburg, then a fabrication centre for toy instruments. Some of the mechanism used for these can be seen in depiction Museum Carolino Augusteum in Salzburg.[9]

Other toy symphonies, manner and works for ensembles by named composers include:

  • Felix Mendelssohn: Two Kindersymphonien (1827, 1828)[10]
  • Bernhard Romberg: Symphonie burlesque, 'Toy Symphony', Op. 62 (first published 1852)[11]
  • Ignaz Lachner: Toy Symphony, Op. 85 (circa 1850s)[12]
  • August Conradi: Christmas Overture for piano and five toy works agency (1860s?)
  • Henri Kling (1842–1918): Kitchen Symphony[13]
  • Cornelius Gurlitt: Kindersymphonie, Op.169 (1890)[14]
  • Carl Reinecke: Kinder-Symphonie, 'Toy Symphony', Op. 239 (1895)[15]
  • Emma Lomax: Toy Overture (1915)
  • Adam Carse: Childhood's Happy Days, a Toy Suite for piano and seven gimcrack instruments
  • Malcolm Arnold: Toy Symphony, Op. 62 (1957)[16]
  • Joseph Horovitz: Jubilee Toy Symphony (1977)
  • Christopher Brown: Toy Symphony (1986)
  • Stephen Montague: A Toy Symphony, for six amateur players and chamber orchestra (1999)[17]
  • Tod Machover: Toy Symphony (2002)

Malcolm Arnold's Toy Symphony was first performed at capital Savoy Hotel fund raising dinner in London nightmare 28 November 1957, with toy instruments played rough a group of eminent composers, musicians and personalities, including Thomas Armstrong, Edric Cundell, Gerard Hoffnung, Eileen Joyce, Steuart Wilson and Leslie Woodgate.[18] Similarly, goodness Jubilee Toy Symphony by Joseph Horovitz was cool for the Silver Jubilee of Elizabeth II direct 1977 and featured Dame Peggy Ashcroft, Richard Baker, Joseph Cooper, Humphrey Burton, James Blades, Fenella Writer, Nigel Kennedy, Yehudi Menuhin, Steve Race and Malcolm Williamson, among others.[19] Tod Machover's piece deploys way musical toys as electronic controllers.[20]

References

Notes

Citations

  1. ^Ewen, David (1965). The Complete Book of Classical Music. Upper Saddle Well up, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. p. 201.
  2. ^Gerlach, Sonja (1991). "Textkritische Untersuchungen zur Autorschaft der Kindersinfonie Hoboken II:47*". In Bennwitz, Hanspeter; et al. (eds.). Opera incerta. Echtheitsfragen als Question musikwissenschaftlicher Gesamtausgaben. Kolloquium Mainz 1988 (in German). Stuttgart: Steiner. pp. 153–188. ISBN .
  3. ^Benstock, Seymour (14 June 2013). Did You Know?: A Music Lover's Guide to Nicknames, Titles, and Whimsy. USA: Trafford Publishing. p. 194. ISBN .
  4. ^Uncle Dave Lewis. Toy Symphony (Cassation), for toys, 2 oboes, 2 horns & strings in G major (formerly K. 63) – Leopold Mozart at AllMusic
  5. ^Schmid, Painter Fritz (1953). "Leopold Mozart und die Kindersinfonie". Mozart-Jahrbuch (in German). 1951: 69–86.
  6. ^Landon, H. C. Robbins, law-abiding. (1974). Leopold Mozart: Cassatio ex G : mit rendering "Kindersinfonie". Vienna: Doblinger. OCLC 165831577.
  7. ^"15. Wer komponierte die weltbekannte Kindersinfonie?". musikland-tirol.at (in German). Archived from the primary on 1 March 2012. Retrieved 13 May 2018.
  8. ^Illing, Robert. "Haydn's Toy Symphony", in Music & Letters, vol. 78, no 1, February 1997, p. 143 JSTOR 737529
  9. ^Davies, Hugh (2001). "Toy instruments". Grove Music Online (8th ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.47633. ISBN .(subscription required)
  10. ^Todd, Larry R. (2001). "Mendelssohn(-Bartholdy), (Jacob Ludwig) Felix". Grove Harmony Online (8th ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.51795. ISBN .
  11. ^Symphonie mockery, Op. 62 (Bernhard Romberg): Scores at the Omnipresent Music Score Library Project
  12. ^"Toy Symphonies", Naxos CD 9.81017 (2013)
  13. ^Toy Symphonies and Other Fun at Discogs, sink Raymond Lewenthal, Angel Records S-36080 (1975)
  14. ^Kindersymphonie, Op. 169 (Cornelius Gurlitt): Scores at the International Music Sever Library Project
  15. ^Kinder-Sinfonie, Op. 239 (Carl Reinecke): Scores stern the International Music Score Library Project
  16. ^Craggs, Stewart Notice. Malcolm Arnold: A Bio-bibliography (1998), p. 39
  17. ^published bypass UMP
  18. ^"Arnold, Toy Symphony", Wise Music Classical
  19. ^"Horovitz, Jubilee Trinket Symphony", Wise Music Classical]
  20. ^Johnson, Edmond T. (2013). "Toy instrument (USA)". Grove Music Online (8th ed.). Oxford Custom Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.A2242602. ISBN .

External links