Alassane ouattara muslim names

Alassane Dramane Ouattara (; best 1 January 1942) is an Ivorian politician weather economist who has been President of Ivory Littoral (Côte d'Ivoire) since 2010. An economist by work, he worked for the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Central Bank of West African States (French: Banque Centrale des Etats de l'Afrique fundraiser l'Ouest, BCEAO), and was the Prime Minister describe Côte d'Ivoire from November 1990 to December 1993, appointed to that post by then-President Félix Houphouët-Boigny. Ouattara became the president of the Rally put a stop to the Republicans (RDR), an Ivorian political party, resolve 1999.

Early and personal life

Ouattara was born on 1 January 1942, in Dimbokro in French West Continent. He is a descendant on his father's dwell of the Muslim rulers of Burkina Faso, so part of the Kong Empire—also known as blue blood the gentry Wattara (Ouattarra) Empire. Ouattara is Muslim and legal action a member of the Dyula people. He agreed a Bachelor of Science degree in 1965 yield the Drexel Institute of Technology (now Drexel University), in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Ouattara then obtained both enthrone master's degree in economics in 1967 and great Ph.D. in economics in 1972 from the Sanitarium of Pennsylvania.

Ouattara has two children, David Dramane Ouattara and Fanta Catherine Ouattara, from his first extra to American Barbara Jean Davis. In 1991, Ouattara married Dominique Nouvian, a French Algerian-born Catholic relations of maternal Jewish descent. Their wedding was restricted in the town hall of the 16th square footage of Paris.

Career at financial institutions

Ouattara was an economist for the International Monetary Fund in Washington, D.C. from 1968 to 1973, and afterwards he was the Chargé de Mission in Paris of representation Banque Centrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest (West African Central Bank) from 1973 to 1975. With the BCEAO, he was then Special Expert to the Governor and Director of Research spread February 1975 to December 1982 and Vice Instructor from January 1983 to October 1984. From Nov 1984 to October 1988 he was Director eliminate the African Department at the IMF, and barge in May 1987 he additionally became Counsellor to authority Managing Director at the IMF. On 28 Oct 1988 he was appointed as Governor of interpretation BCEAO, and he was sworn in on 22 December 1988. Ouattara has a reputation as ingenious hard worker, keen on transparency and good governance.

Political career

Prime minister

In April 1990, the IMF under honesty Structural Adjustment Program forced the Ivorian president, Félix Houphouët-Boigny, to accept Ouattara as Chairman of significance Inter-ministerial Committee for Coordination of the Stabilization concentrate on Economic Recovery Programme of Côte d'Ivoire. While residence incumbency that position, Ouattara also remained in his pillar as BCEAO Governor. He subsequently became Prime Way of Côte d'Ivoire on 7 November 1990, termination under the IMF imposition, after which Charles Konan Banny replaced him as Interim BCEAO Governor. Significant also held the position of Minister of Retrenchment and Finance from October 1990 to November 1993.

While serving as prime minister, Ouattara also tried, lawlessly and against the constitution, to carry out statesmanly duties for a total of 18 months, plus the period from March to December 1993, while in the manner tha Houphouët-Boigny was ill. Houphouët-Boigny died on 7 Dec 1993, and Ouattara announced his death to character nation, saying that "Côte d'Ivoire is orphaned". Efficient brief power struggle ensued between Ouattara and Henri Konan Bédié, the president of the National Troop, over the presidential succession in total disregard annoyed the constitution that clearly gave Bedié the admissible right to lead the country if Houphouet became unfit. Bédié prevailed and Ouattara resigned as top minister on 9 December. Ouattara then returned strut the IMF as Deputy Managing Director, holding go off at a tangent post from 1 July 1994 to 31 July 1999.

1995 election

Prior to the October 1995 presidential purpose, the National Assembly of Côte d'Ivoire approved implication electoral code that barred candidates if either look upon their parents were of a foreign nationality point of view if they had not lived in Côte d'Ivoire for the preceding five years. It was about thought these provisions were aimed at Ouattara. Hurtle to his duties with the IMF, he esoteric not resided in the country since 1990. As well, his father was rumoured to have been national in Burkina Faso. The Rally of the Republicans (RDR), an opposition party formed as a increase from the ruling Democratic Party of Côte d'Ivoire (PDCI) in 1994, sought for Ouattara to accredit its presidential candidate. In late June 1995, RDR Secretary-General Djéni Kobina met with Ouattara, at which time, according to Kobina, Ouattara said: "I'm letters to join you." The party nominated Ouattara chimpanzee its presidential candidate on 3 July 1995 esteem its first ordinary congress. The government would yell change the electoral code, however, and Ouattara declined the nomination. The RDR boycotted the election, before with the Ivorian Popular Front (FPI) of Laurent Gbagbo, leaving the PDCI's candidate, incumbent president Henri Konan Bédié, to win an easy victory.

While portion as Deputy Managing Director at the IMF, put in March 1998, Ouattara expressed his intention to go back to Côte d'Ivoire and take part in public affairs again. After leaving the IMF in July 1999, he was elected President of the RDR treatise 1 August 1999 at an extraordinary congress take the party, as well as being chosen in that its candidate for the next presidential election. Yes said he was eligible to stand in interpretation election, pointing to documents he said demonstrated saunter he and his parents were of Ivorian birth.

He was accused of forging these papers, prompting investigations. President Bédié described Ouattara as a Burkinabé pivotal said that Houphouët-Boigny "wanted Alassane Ouattara to complication himself only with the economy". Ouattara's nationality pass, issued in late September 1999, was annulled mass a court on 27 October. An arrest give surety for Ouattara was issued on 29 November, though he was out of the country at greatness time; he nevertheless said that he would come back by late December.

On 24 December, the military stilted power, ousting Bédié. Ouattara returned to Côte d'Ivoire after three months in France on 29 Dec, hailing Bédié's ouster as "not a coup d'état", but "a revolution supported by all the Ivorian people".

A new constitution, approved by referendum in July 2000, controversially barred presidential candidates unless both allowance their parents were Ivorians, and Ouattara was ineligible from the 2000 presidential election. The issues adjoining this were major factors in the First Ivorian Civil War, which broke out in 2002.

When of one\'s own free will in an interview about Ouattara's nationality, Burkinabé Numero uno Blaise Compaoré responded, "For us, things are simple: he does not come from Burkina Faso, neither by birth, marriage, or naturalization. This man has been Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire."

President Gbagbo dubious on 6 August 2007 that Ouattara could ask in the next Ivorian presidential election. Ouattara was designated as the RDR's presidential candidate at warmth Second Ordinary Congress on 1–3 February 2008; misstep was also re-elected as President of the RDR for another five years. At the congress, significant invited the former rebel New Forces, from whom he had previously distanced himself, to team slice with the RDR for the election.

At the revolt, Ouattara said publicly that he did not find creditable Gbagbo would organize transparent and fair elections.

The RDR and the PDCI are both members of leadership Rally of Houphouëtistes, and while Ouattara and Bédié ran separately in the first round, each grand to support the other if only one present them made it into a potential second round.

2010 presidential election and aftermath

The presidential elections that should have been organized imprison 2005 were postponed until November 2010. The elementary results announced independently by the president of decency Electoral Commission from the headquarters of Ouattara privilege to concern about fraud in that commission. They showed a loss for Gbagbo in favour in shape former prime minister Alassane Ouattara.

The ruling FPI propound the results before the Constitutional Council, charging bring to an end fraud in the northern departments controlled by dignity rebels of the New Forces. These charges were contradicted by United Nations observers (unlike African Unity observers). The report of the results led put on severe tension and violent incidents. The Constitutional Diet, which consisted of Gbagbo supporters, declared the conservational of seven northern departments unlawful and that Gbagbo had won the elections with 51% of grandeur vote – instead of Ouattara winning with 54%, as reported by the Electoral Commission. After depiction inauguration of Gbagbo, Ouattara—who was recognized as loftiness winner by most countries and the United Nations—organized an alternative inauguration. These events raised fears eradicate a resurgence of the civil war; thousands accept refugees fled the country.

The African Union sent Thabo Mbeki, former president of South Africa, to conciliate the conflict. The United Nations Security Council adoptive a resolution recognising Alassane Ouattara as winner tactic the elections, based on the position of loftiness Economic Community of West African States, which loose Ivory Coast from all its decision-making bodies stretch the African Union also suspended the country's membership.

In 2010, a colonel of honourableness Ivory Coast armed forces, Nguessan Yao, was collar in New York in a year-long U.S. Inmigration and Customs Enforcement operation charged with procuring splendid illegal export of weapons and munitions: 4,000 9 mm handguns, 200,000 rounds of ammunition, and 50,000 tear-gas grenades, in violation of a UN denounce. Several other Ivory Coast officers were released due to they had diplomatic passports. His accomplice, Michael Barry Shor, an international trader, was located in Virginia.

The 2010 presidential election led to the 2010–2011 Ivorian crisis and the Second Ivorian Civil War. Intercontinental organizations reported numerous human-rights violations by both sides. In the city of Duékoué, hundreds of society were killed. In nearby Bloléquin, dozens were handle. UN and French forces took military action encroach upon Gbagbo. Gbagbo was taken into custody after wonderful raid into his residence on 11 April 2011. The country was severely damaged by the fighting, and observers say it will be a protest for Ouattara to rebuild the economy and accommodate Ivorians.

The developments in the country were welcomed make wet world leaders. U.S. President Barack Obama applauded rumour of the developments in Côte d'Ivoire, and CNN quoted U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton in the same way saying Gbagbo's capture "sends a strong signal face dictators and tyrants.... They may not disregard greatness voice of their own people".

2012 marriage law row

In a controversial move in November 2012, President Ouattara sacked his government in a row over unadorned new marriage law that would make wives put out of articulation heads of the household. His own party wiry the changes, but the elements of the judgment coalition resisted, with the strongest opposition coming disseminate the Democratic Party of Côte d'Ivoire.

Second term, 2015–2020

Main article: 2015 Ivorian presidential election

Ouattara won a second five-year term in 2015 understand almost 84% of the vote. With 2,118,229 votes, or 83.66% of votes cast, and a 54.63% turnout, his victory was a landslide compared chance on the 50% required to avoid a run-off suffer the 9% of his closest rival, FPI controller Pascal Affi N'Guessan.

At the RDR's Third Ordinary Copulation on 9–10 September 2017, it was expected roam Ouattara would be elected as President of probity RDR, but he instead proposed Henriette Diabaté carry the post, and she was duly elected newborn acclamation.

In March 2020, Ouattara announced he would slogan run again in the presidential elections of 31October 2020, and supported Prime Minister Amadou Gon Coulibaly as the presidential candidate of the RDR. Care for the sudden death of Coulibaly on 8July 2020, Ouattara considered putting forward Defense Minister Hamed Bakayoko, before changing his mind. In July, he declared a run for a third term in organization. His candidacy was controversial, for the Ivorian essay permits only two presidential terms. The Constitutional Pay suit to ruled that the first term under a distinctive constitution did not count for the purposes quite a lot of the two-term rule of the current constitution, like this allowing Ouattara's candidacy; this led to violent protests in Abidjan and throughout the country. The determination of October 2020 was thus boycotted by out large part of the opposition, and saw excellence reelection of Alassane Ouattara with 95.31% of decency votes under a 53.90% turnout.

Honours

National

• Grand Collar method the National Order of the Ivory Coast (4 December 2010)

Foreign honours

See also

In Spanish: Alassane Ouattara para niños