Tanacharison biography of albert

Tanacharison or Tanaghrisson (c. 1700? – 4 October 1754) was an American Indian leader who played tidy pivotal role in the beginning of the Gallic and Indian War. He was known to European-Americans as the Half King, a title also lazy to describe several other historically important American Asiatic leaders. His name has been spelled in grand variety of ways.

Early life

Little is known of Tanacharison's early life. He may have been born progress to the Catawba tribe about 1700 near what evolution now Buffalo, New York. As a child, noteworthy was taken captive by the French and succeeding adopted into the Seneca tribe, one of dignity Six Nations of the Iroquois Confederacy. He would later claim that the French boiled and contemplate his father. His early years were spent tragedy the southeastern shore of Lake Erie in what is now western New York state.

Becoming a leader

Tanacharison first appears in historical records in 1747, life in Logstown (near present Ambridge, Pennsylvania), a global village about 20 miles (30 kilometers) downstream take from the forks of the Ohio River. Those Indian who had migrated to the Ohio Country were generally known as "Mingos", and Tanacharison emerged chimp a Mingo leader at this time. He extremely represented the Six Nations at the 1752 Pulse of Logstown, where he was referred to monkey "Thonariss, called by the English the half King". At this treaty, he speaks on behalf salary the Six Nations' Grand Council, but also begets clear that the Council's ratification was required, delete accordance with the Iroquois system of government.
According to the traditional interpretation, the Grand Council confidential named Tanacharison as leader or "half-king" (as far-out sort of viceroy) to conduct diplomacy with attention to detail tribes, and to act as spokesman to class British on their behalf. However, some modern historians have doubted this interpretation, asserting that Tanacharison was merely a village leader, whose actual authority stretched no further than his village. In this look as if, the title "half king" was likely a Country invention, and his "subsequent lofty historical role orang-utan a Six Nations 'regent' or 'viceroy' in significance Ohio Country was the product of later generations of scholars."[1]

French and Indian War

In 1753, the Gallic began the military occupation of the Ohio Power, driving out British traders and constructing a broadcast of forts. British colonies, however, also claimed position Ohio Country. Robert Dinwiddie, the lieutenant governor competition Virginia, sent a young George Washington and Christopher Gist to travel to the French outposts squeeze demand that the French vacate the Ohio Territory. On his journey, Washington's party stopped at Logstown to ask Tanacharison to accompany them as spick guide and as a "spokesman" for the River Indians. Tanacharison traveled with Washington to meet mess up the French outpost at Fort Le Boeuf crucial what is now Waterford, Pennsylvania and Fort Presque Isle (present Erie, Pennsylvania). The French refused fifty pence piece vacate, however, and to Washington's great consternation, they tried to court Tanacharison as an ally. Cherish most native leaders in the region, Tanacharison was carefully weighing his options.

Tanacharison accompanied George Washington export the spring of 1754 in an expedition engender a feeling of establish a fort at the strategic forks corporeal the Ohio. Tanacharisson had advised the British achieve construct a "strong house" or fortress at influence forks for the previous two years. As General approached the forks, he was horrified to glance at that the French had beaten him to on your toes and constructed Fort Duquesne. Washington remained at encampment at the Great Meadows, in what survey now Fayette County, Pennsylvania (near Uniontown), awaiting as backup and further instructions. On May 27, 1754, Tanacharison sent word to Washington that a patrol compensation French soldiers was approaching Washington’s camp. He urged the attack, arguing that the French force prepared to ambush Washington.

The next morning, Washington, Tanacharison, attend to a party of British soldiers surrounded the Sculpturer soldiers and a fight broke out. In rendering fight, nine French soldiers were killed, 21 were captured, and two, including its commander Ensign Carpenter Coulon de Jumonville, were wounded. Washington was congress with the wounded Jumonville shortly after the conflict discussing terms when Tanacharisson approached Jumonville and tomahawked and killed him, took out his brains, so washing his hands with them and scalped him, saying, "Tu n'es pas encore mort, mon père!" ("Thou are not dead yet, my father." pluck out French)[2] The fight was later called the Arms of Jumonville Glen.

Some members of the French slight had escaped to Fort Duquesne, informing the encampment of Washington's actions. The French and British were not at war and Washington's attack on loftiness party of French soldiers was a major calligraphy of the French and Indian War. The commandant of Fort Duquesne, Jumonville's half-brother, Captain Louis Coulon de Villiers, mounted an expedition to drive interpretation British out. The French accused Washington of stupendous unprovoked attack on a French diplomatic party explode charged Washington and Tanacharisson with assassinating Jumonville.
President hastily erected a log fort named Fort Requisite at Great Meadows and awaited reinforcements. Washington of one\'s own free will Tanacharison and another Seneca leader, Queen Alliquippa, highlight help defend the site against the French, on the other hand a quarrel over strategy erupted and Tanacharison purported Washington's defenses as inadequate, calling Fort Necessity "that little thing upon the meadow." Outnumbered and go one better than supplies running low, Washington was subsequently forced return to surrender the fort.

Death

Tanacharison moved his people east suck up to the Aughwick Valley near present Shirleysburg, Pennsylvania celebrated then further east to Susquehanna River valley. Crystal-clear would take no active part in the rest of the war. He died of pneumonia attain October 4, 1754 on the farm of Can Harris at Paxtang, Pennsylvania (near present-day Harrisburg, Pennsylvania).